Figure A.

(Scheme 1). Schematic illustration of the particle formation and drug loading. After being calcinated at 400 ˚C, mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles are rendered fluorescent due to the generation of carbon dots in the matrix. These fluorescent silica nanoparticles can be loaded with drug molecules (e.g. Dox) and coupled with targeting motifs (e.g. RGD peptide) for simultaneous imaging and drug delivery.