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Transport of circulating insulin from the blood into the central nervous system. A: circulating insulin, which has been released into the blood from β-cells in the pancreas, binds to receptors on endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). B: insulin is transported through the endothelial cells via receptor-mediated transcytosis. C: insulin is released into the brain interstitial fluid, where it can then act on neuronal insulin receptors.
