Table 3.

Significant effects (standardized) of spatial ability on number line and calculation at Time 4.

	β	Confidence intervalsa
		Lower 2.5%	Upper 2.5%
SPATIAL TO NUMBER LINE TIME 4
(a) Total effect	0.389	0.265	0.514
(b) Direct effect	0.188	0.058	0.318
(c) Indirect through number line at T3	0.138	0.047	0.230
(d) Indirect through calculation at T3	0.063	0.011	0.115
SPATIAL TO CALCULATION TIME 4
(a) Total effect	0.240	0.147	0.332
(b) Indirect through number line T3	0.052	0.006	0.097
(c) Indirect through calculation T3	0.188	0.106	0.269

There was no direct effect from spatial ability to calculation at Time 4.

^aConfidence intervals were calculated with bias-corrected bootstrapping in Mplus (10,000 samples).