Table 1.
The mean of three ONS diameter measurements and CT brain scan reports of paediatric patients with neurological disease
| Patient | Age (months) |
Diagnosis | ONS diameter (mm) |
Clinical signs of raised intracranial pressure |
CT scan report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with clinically suspected raised ICP | |||||
| 1 | 108 | Meningitis | 5.1 | Clinical deterioration and recovered respiratory arrest |
Gross hydrocephalus. Very tight brain with loss of gyri/sulci |
| 2 | 96 | SOL | 5.7 | Moderate papilloedema Bilateral VI nerve palsies |
SOL around lateral ventricles and sella turnica. Large ventricles. Obstructive hydrocephalus |
| 3 | 30 | SOL | 5.4 | Bilateral VI nerve palsies and upbeat nystagmus |
Obstructive hydrocephaly from brainstem glioma |
| 4 | 19 | Coma unknown | 5.6 | Moderate papilloedema Dilated unreactive pupils |
Not done |
| 5 | 48 | Meningitis | 5.4 | Moderate papilloedema Right dilated unreactive pupil |
Not done |
| 6 | 72 | Coma unknown | 4.9 | Mild papilloedema | Not done |
| 7 | 108 | TB Meningitis | 5.7 | Mild papilloedema Deepening coma |
Gross hydrocephalus. Multiple granuloma in parenchyma |
| 8 | 41 | SOL | 5.0 | Dilated unreactive pupils Absent oculocephalic reflex |
Not done |
| 9 | 144 | Hydrocephalus | 5.9 | Severe papilloedema VI nerve palsy Macrocephalic Ataxic gait |
Severe hydrocephalus with aqueduct stenosis |
| 10 | 15 | Suspected poisoning | 4.3 | Mild papilloedema | Not done |
| 11 | 93 | Coma unknown | 6.2 | Mild papilloedema | Cerebral oedema with compression of ventricles and basal cistern |
| 12 | 84 | Coma unknown | 5.8 | Severe papilloedema Anisocoria |
Mild communicating hydrocephalus. Left pontine infarct |
| 13 | 111 | Meningitis | 5.5 | Moderate papilloedema VI nerve palsy Unreactive pupils |
Not done |
| 14 | 31 | Coma unknown | 5.0 | Mild papilloedema | Severe brain oedema. The ventricles and basilar cisterns are compressed |
| Patients without clinically suspected raised ICP | |||||
| 15 | 56 | Coma unknown | 4.4 | None | Normal |
| 16 | 28 | Meningitis | 4.0 | None | Not done |
| 17 | 96 | SOL. Focal seizures | 4.0 | None | SOL. Astrocytoma? No mass effect |
| 18 | 96 | Brainstem tumour | 3.2 | None | Brainstem tumour. No hydrocephalus |
| 19 | 11 | Coma unknown | 3.5 | None | Not done |
| 20 | 18 | Kwashiorkor HIV Convulsions |
2.8 | None | Normal |
| 21 | 144 | Epilepsy New ataxia |
3.6 | None | Not done |
ONS, optic nerve sheath; ICP, intracranial pressure; SOL, space occupying lesion; TB, tuberculosis.