Table 8.

Repeated measures ANOVA for hit rates at different contrast levels. Notes: The reported statistics are based on the angular transformation, g(y) = 2arcsin√y – (π)/2, applied to the normalized smoothing measure (which ranges from 0 to 1) in order to improve the normality of its distribution (Hoaglin, Mosteller, & Tukey, 1991). EMS = expected mean square. SS = sum of squares. Asterisks indicate significance with the p values listed in the table.

Source of variance	df	SS	EMS	F	P
Circle width (W)	2	3.16	1.58	71.91	<0.001*
Contrast (C)	2	0.00	0.00	0.39	0.69
Subjects (S)	5	1.74	0.35
W × C	4	0.01	0.00	0.98	0.44
W × S	10	0.22	0.02
C × S	10	0.04	0.00
Residuals	20	0.04	0.00
Total	53	5.21