Figure 1. MG53 functions in membrane repair in non-muscle cell types.
Various cultured cell types were transfected with GFP-MG53, including human gastic epithelium (AGS), airway epithelium (C38), human embryonic palatal mesenchyma (HEPM) cells, primary adult keratinocytes, mouse neuronal (astrocytes), and mouse immune (RAW) cells. Fluorescence shows localization of MG53 to the membrane upon injury. Scale bars, 2 μm. (A) Cells were subjected to mechanical membrane damage by microelectrode needle penetration (arrow points to location of injury). (B) The membranes of cells were permeabilized using saponin detergent (0.001% in saline).