The figure shows the general scheme of mRNA translation for capped (m7G) mRNAs with poly-A tails (AAAA) and a start codon (AUG). Four general phases of translation are shown: Initiation, Elongation, Termination, and Recycling. The figure shows individual ribosomal components (40S and 60S) and specific initiation factors (eIFs), elongation factors (eEFs), and release factors (eRFs) that participate in the mRNA translation process. PIC, pre-initiation complex.