Fig. 7.

Validation by intraoperative stimulation mapping (ISM) in patient 11. Two positive sites (ISM1 and ISM2, indicated by green crosses) were identified and are displayed (A). The intraoperative photographs are also shown (the anterior part is right, the back is left), including one taken before tumor resection (B) and the other taken after subtotal resection (C). Awake mapping allowed for the detection of the primary motor cortex of the hand (H) and face (M). Note that the images in A and the photograph in C were taken during the same time period.