Table 3.

Association between interleukin (IL)–7 responsiveness and CD4⁺ T cell counts.

Group, parameter [number of subjects]a	Univariateb		Multivariate
	Coefficientc	P	Coefficientc	P
All HIV-positive subjects
T cell activation (%CD4+HLA-DR+) [n = 84]	−12.86	<.001	−7.33	.088
PD-1 expression (%CD3+PD-1+) [n = 115]	−17.75	<.001	−13.7	.015
CCR5 expression (%CD4+CCR5+) [n = 96]	−4.24	.505	−1.21	.839
Average VLd [n = 118]	−0.01	.007	0.001	.957
IL-7 responsiveness (%CD3+pSTAT5+) [n = 118]	5.96	.001	5.01	.006
IL-7 plasma level [n = 118]	−0.14	.838	−0.49	.426
Subjects with VL suppression
T cell activation % C D 4+HLA-DR+) [n = 52]	−16.9	.016	−11.2	.144
PD-1 expression (%CD3+PD-1+)[n = 74]	−17.65	.022	−9.90	.328
CCR5 expression (%CD4+CCR5+) [n = 62]	−15.8	.017	−2.98	.744
IL-7 responsiveness %CD3+pSTAT5+) [n = 74]	8.18	.002	6.04	.039
IL-7 plasma level [n = 74]	−0.26	.719	−0.46	.518

NOTE. CD4⁺ T cell counts are the mean of all CD4⁺ T cell count measurements in the 1 year before the date of assessment of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (pSTAT5) levels. The number of subjects in the multivariate model conducted for all HIV-positive subjects and for subjects with VL suppression was 84 and 52, respectively. HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; PD-1, programmed death-1; pSTAT5, phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 5; VL, viral load.

^aIn the univariate analyses.

^bUnivariate analyses were conducted using each of the indicated variables as a separate predictor of the mean CD4⁺ T cell count, whereas multivariate analyses were conducted using a linear regression model that used all these predictors simultaneously in a single model.

^cRegression coefficient estimated from univariate or multivariate regression models.

^dMean VL during the 1 year before the date of assessment of pSTAT5 levels.