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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2013 Jun 21;35(7):669–676. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2013.809701

Table 1.

Characteristics of Participants with Olfactory and Cognitive Function Data

Characteristic n (%)

N 2837
 Women 1545 (54.5)
 Men 1292 (45.5)
Age Group
 21–34 169 (6.0)
 35–44 827 (29.2)
 45–54 1057 (37.3)
 55–64 604 (21.3)
 65–84 180 (6.3)
Education, years completed
 <12 72 (2.6)
 12 834 (29.6)
 13–15 958 (34.0)
 ≥16 958 (34.0)
Household income ≥$50,000/year 1843 (67.0)
Smoking history
 Never 1523 (53.7)
 Past, stopped ≥5 years 687 (24.3)
 Past, stopped < 5 years 114 (4.0)
 Current smoker 508 (17.9)
Dominant hand right 2504 (88.3)
Olfactory impairment 109 (3.8)
Exercise at least once/week 1720 (60.7)
BMI ≥30 kg/m2 1254 (44.7)
Depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥16) 405 (14.5)
ApoE ε4 carrier* 171 (10.7)*
History of:
 Nasal polyps/deviated septum 299 (10.6)
 Recent nasal congestion/sinus problems 1022 (36.0)
 Head injury 824 (29.0)
 Cardiovascular disease 91 (3.2)
 Diabetes mellitus 174 (6.1)
 Statin use 429 (15.1)

MMSE: Mini-Mental State Exam; BMI: Body Mass Index; CES-D: Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; ApoE ε4: Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele

*

Only available on 1594 participants over 45 years