Kinetics of Tdp1 cleavage activity on different AP-DNA substrates. The AP-DNA substrates were treated from 1 to 40 min with 100 nM Tdp1 after incubation DNA with UDG (0.5 U/μl) for 15 min at 37 °C. The percent conversion from the substrate to repair products was calculated. The experiment was performed in triplicate, and the standard deviation for each point is indicated by error bars. Closed circles, AP-DNA/bubble; closed squares, ssAP-DNA; closed triangles, AP-DNA/Flu; closed rhombus, dsAP-DNA.