Table 1.
Statistical heterogeneity (I2) for all pairwise comparisons in studies of exercise for treatment of lower limb osteoarthritis
| Pairwise comparison | Pain relief | Physical function | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No of studies | I2 (%) (95% CI) | No of studies | I2 (%) (95% CI) | ||
| Compared with no intervention | |||||
| Flexibility | 2 | 0.0 | 1 | NA | |
| Strengthening | 16 | 91.5 (87.8 to 94.1) | 16 | 91.9 (88.4 to 94.3) | |
| Aerobic | 3 | 22.8 (0.0 to 92.0) | 2 | 0.0 (NA) | |
| Flexibility+strengthening | 11 | 90.6 (85.3 to 94.0) | 10 | 86.1 (76.3 to 91.8) | |
| Flexibility+aerobic | 3 | 0.0 (0.0 to 89.6) | 3 | 0.0 (0.0 to 89.6) | |
| Strengthening+aerobic | 3 | 65.9 (0.0 to 90.2) | 3 | 0.0 (0.0 to 89.6) | |
| Combined | 12 | 81.9 (69.5 to 89.2) | 10 | 83.4 (70.9 to 90.5) | |
| Aquatic: | |||||
| Strengthening | 3 | 0.6 (0.0 to 89.7) | 3 | 10.2 (0.0 to 90.7) | |
| Flexibility+strengthening | 2 | 79.3 (NA) | 1 | NA | |
| Flexibility+aerobic | 2 | 72.1 (NA) | 2 | 23.6 (NA) | |
| Strengthening+aerobic | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | |
| Combined | 3 | 83.3 (49.3 to 94.5) | 3 | 0.0 (0.0 to 89.6) | |
| Compared with flexibility | |||||
| Strengthening | 3 | 0.0 (0.0 to 89.6) | 3 | 0.0 (0.0 to 89.6) | |
| Compared with strengthening | |||||
| Aerobic | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | |
| Flexibility+strengthening | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | |
| Aquatic: strengthening | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | |
| Compared with flexibility+strengthening | |||||
| Combined | 2 | 0.0 | 2 | 73.1 (NA) | |
| Aquatic: | |||||
| Strengthening | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | |
| Flexibility+strengthening | 2 | 80.8 | 2 | 0.0 (NA) | |
| Combined | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | |
| Compared with flexibility+aerobic | |||||
| Aquatic: flexibility+aerobic | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | |
| Compared with combined | |||||
| Aquatic: | |||||
| Strengthening+aerobic | 1 | NA | 1 | NA | |
| Combined | 3 | 33.0 (0.0 to 93.0) | 3 | 0.0 (0.0 to 89.6) | |
NA=not assessed.