Table 3.
Results of network meta-analysis improvement of function, without covariates, and additionally with adjustment for follow-up period, trial publication year, and number of sessions, with meta-regression. Figures are standardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% credible intervals and probability for cumulative ranking with surface under cumulative ranking (SUCRA)
| No adjustment | Covariates adjusted | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SMD (95% CrI) | Prob (SUCRA) | SMD (95% CrI) | Prob (SUCRA) | ||
| Lower limb (knee, hips or multiple joints) | |||||
| No intervention control | Reference | 22.7 | Reference | 23.5 | |
| Flexibility | −0.17 (−1.26 to 0.93) | 40.1 | −0.14 (−1.26 to 0.97) | 38.8 | |
| Strengthening | −0.37 (−0.84 to 0.09) | 52.8 | −0.36 (−0.87 to 0.14) | 52.1 | |
| Aerobic | −0.30 (−1.53 to 0.92) | 47.9 | −0.46 (−1.71 to 0.80) | 55.9 | |
| Flexibility+strengthening | −0.40 (−0.92 to 0.12) | 54.6 | −0.38 (−0.98 to 0.22) | 52.9 | |
| Flexibility+aerobic | −0.18 (−1.24 to 0.89) | 40.7 | −0.27 (−1.40 to 0.86) | 46.0 | |
| Strengthening+aerobic | −0.17 −1.25 to 0.91) | 40.0 | −0.26 (−1.46 to 0.94) | 45.6 | |
| Combined | −0.63 (−1.16 to -0.10) | 70.9 | −0.57 (−1.17 to 0.03) | 66.8 | |
| Aquatic: | |||||
| Strengthening | −0.43 (−1.42 to 0.56) | 55.2 | −0.34 (−1.36 to 0.68) | 49.7 | |
| Flexibility+strengthening | −0.61 (−1.75 to 0.52) | 64.9 | −0.57 (−1.73 to 0.58) | 62.7 | |
| Flexibility+aerobic | 0.07 (−1.23 to 1.36) | 29.5 | 0.13 (−1.24 to 1.50) | 27.1 | |
| Strengthening+aerobic | −0.86 (−2.52 to 0.79) | 71.4 | −0.79 (−2.47 to 0.90) | 68.5 | |
| Combined | −0.49 (−1.32 to 0.33) | 59.5 | −0.51 (−1.40 to 0.39) | 60.3 | |
| Follow-up period* | — | — | 0.009 (−0.003 to 0.021) | — | |
| Publication year† | — | — | −0.001 (−0.056 to 0.054) | — | |
| No of sessions‡ | — | — | −0.000 (−0.009 to 0.008) | — | |
| Knee only osteoarthritis | |||||
| No intervention control | Reference | 23 | Reference | 22.4 | |
| Flexibility | −0.22 (−1.36 to 0.92) | 39.8 | −0.23 (−1.39 to 0.93) | 38.9 | |
| Strengthening | −0.43 (-0.94 to 0.07) | 51.6 | −0.46 (−1.02 to 0.10) | 51.5 | |
| Aerobic | −0.32 (-1.58 to 0.94) | 45.4 | −0.54 (−1.83 to 0.75) | 54.3 | |
| Flexibility+strengthening | −0.65 (−1.38 to 0.07) | 63.5 | −0.73 (−1.56 to 0.11) | 65.6 | |
| Flexibility+aerobic | −0.21 (−1.33 to 0.91) | 39.6 | −0.32 (−1.51 to 0.87) | 43.9 | |
| Strengthening+aerobic | −0.08 (−1.43 to 1.28) | 34.5 | −0.08 (−1.88 to 1.72) | 36.1 | |
| Combined | −0.70 (−1.32 to -0.09) | 67.1 | −0.60 (−1.28 to 0.10) | 58.9 | |
| Aquatic: | |||||
| Strengthening | — | — | — | — | |
| Flexibility+strengthening | −0.95 (−2.51 to 0.61) | 71.3 | −1.02 (−2.63 to 0.59) | 72.7 | |
| Flexibility+aerobic | −0.10 (−1.89 to 1.68) | 37.6 | −0.12 (−1.94 to 1.71) | 37.4 | |
| Strengthening+aerobic | −0.90 (−2.61 to 0.81) | 68.2 | −0.80 (−2.55 to 0.94) | 63.6 | |
| Combined | −0.64 (−2.35 to 1.08) | 58.4 | −0.57 (−2.32 to 1.17) | 54.7 | |
| Follow-up period* | — | — | 0.012 (−0.002 to 0.026) | — | |
| Publication year† | — | — | 0.006 (−0.055 to 0.067) | — | |
| No of sessions‡ | — | — | −0.003 (−0.015 to 0.009) | — | |
*Follow-up period (in weeks) centred at mean value (27.8 weeks).
†Publication year centred at 2000.
‡No of sessions centred at mean value (31.4 sessions).