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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Infant Child Dev. 2012 Nov 6;22(3):270–288. doi: 10.1002/icd.1785

Table 1. Descriptive statistics for temperament measures (ECBQ and CBQ) by age.

2 Years
ECBQ
n=79
3 Years
CBQ
n=67
4 Years
CBQ
n=60
Surgency/Extraversion 5.12 (.51) Surgency/Extraversion 4.94 (.66) 5.00 (.67)
 Activity Level 5.01 (.72)  Activity Level 5.18 (.59) 5.22 (.62)
 High Intensity Pleasure 4.95 (.79)  High Intensity Pleasure 5.25 (.76) 5.30 (.72)
 Impulsivity 5.06 (.65)  Impulsivity 4.82 (.67) 4.82 (.68)
 Positive Anticipation 5.06 (.88)  Positive Anticipation 5.24 (.69) 5.33 (.67)
 Sociability 5.54 (.94)  Smiling 5.85 (.54) 5.91 (.58)
 Shyness 3.47 (1.28) 3.33 (1.28)
Negative Affect 2.96 (.49) Negative Affect 3.74 (.58) 4.21 (.49)
 Discomfort 2.46 (.74)  Anger/Frustration 4.54 (.70) 4.43 (.80)
 Fear 2.50 (.81)  Discomfort 4.01 (.90) 4.18 (.78)
 Frustration 3.59 (.71)  Fear 3.30 (1.09) 3.69 (1.07)
 Motor Activation 2.23 (.85)  Sadness 3.75 (.71) 3.86 (.69)
 Perceptual Sensitivity 4.08 (.92)  Soothability 4.92 (.65) 4.86 (.71)
 Sadness 2.81 (.85)
 Shyness 3.28 (.96)
 Soothability 5.27 (.72)
Effortful Control 4.49 (.55) Effortful Control 4.78 (.49) 4.67 (.36)
 Attention Focusing 4.25 (.81)  Attention Focusing 4.39 (.85) 4.42 (.85)
 Attention Shifting 4.60 (.55)  Attention Shifting 4.03 (.80) 4.07 (.99)
 Cuddliness 4.90 (1.00)  Inhibitory Control 4.32 (.68) 4.57 (.59)
 Inhibitory Control 4.06 (.87)  Low Intensity Pleasure 5.50 (.53) 5.53 (.48)
 Low Intensity Pleasure 4.66 (.82)  Perceptual Sensitivity 4.90 (.83) 5.09 (.76)

Note: Means (Standard Deviation)