Cd38−/− mice are protected against bile acid infusion pancreatitis. TLCS (3 mm) was infused into the pancreatic duct of wild-type or Cd38−/− mice. Tissues were collected 24 h after infusion. A, representative H&E sections from the pancreatic head. B and C, overall severity scores and subscores, respectively (n = five to seven animals/group). * and #, p < 0.05 compared with the wild-type control and TLCS, respectively.