Table 3.
Current practice for parenteral nutrition in NICU patients by country
| Total | Germany | UK | France | Italy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
| Amino acids | |||||
| Initiation (p=0.005) | |||||
| D0 | 101 (63) | 32 (59) | 21 (54) | 41 (84) | 7 (37) |
| D1 | 51 (32) | 19 (35) | 15 (39) | 8 (16) | 9 (47) |
| D2 or later | 9 (6) | 3 (6) | 3 (8) | 0 (0) | 3 (16) |
| Initial dose (p=0.001), g/kg/day | |||||
| 0.5 | 44 (27) | 20 (37) | 11 (28) | 5 (10) | 8 (42) |
| 1.0 | 53 (33) | 14 (26) | 9 (23) | 24 (49) | 6 (32) |
| 1.5 | 34 (21) | 5 (9) | 11 (28) | 15 (31) | 3 (16) |
| 2 or higher | 27 (17) | 15 (28) | 5 (13) | 5 (10) | 2 (11) |
| Do not know | 3 (2) | 0 (0) | 3 (8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Target dose (p<0.001), g/kg/day | |||||
| 1 or 2 | 11 (7) | 6 (11) | 3 (8) | 0 (0) | 2 (11) |
| 3 or 4 | 146 (91) | 48 (89) | 34 (87) | 49 (100.0) | 15 (79) |
| 5 or higher/do not know | 4 (3) | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | 2 (11) |
| Glucose | |||||
| Initial dose (p<0.001), g/kg/day | |||||
| 6 | 73 (45) | 27 (50) | 12 (31) | 19 (39) | 15 (79) |
| 7 | 41 (26) | 18 (33) | 3 (8) | 18 (37) | 2 (11) |
| 8 | 28 (17) | 6 (11) | 9 (23) | 12 (25) | 1 (5) |
| 9 or higher | 17 (11) | 3 (6) | 13 (33) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) |
| Do not know | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Target dose (p<0.001), g/kg/day | |||||
| 15 | 68 (42) | 22 (41) | 21 (54) | 8 (16) | 17 (90) |
| 16 | 38 (24) | 14 (26) | 5 (13) | 18 (37) | 1 (5) |
| 17 | 12 (8) | 5 (9) | 2 (5) | 5 (10) | 0 (0) |
| 18 or higher | 32 (20) | 10 (19) | 3 (8) | 18 (37) | 1 (5) |
| Do not know | 11 (7) | 3 (6) | 8 (21) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Lipids | |||||
| Initiation (p=0.160) | |||||
| D0 | 32 (20) | 12 (22) | 12 (31) | 3 (6) | 5 (26) |
| D1 | 77 (48) | 24 (44) | 17 (44) | 28 (57) | 8 (42) |
| D2 | 36 (22) | 11 (20) | 9 (23) | 11 (22) | 5 (26) |
| D3 or later | 16 (10) | 7 (13) | 1 (3) | 7 (14) | 1 (5) |
| Do not know | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Initial dose (p<0.001), g/kg/day | |||||
| 0.5 | 98 (61) | 34 (63) | 11 (28) | 36 (74) | 17 (90) |
| 1.0 | 59 (37) | 18 (33) | 27 (70) | 13 (27) | 1 (5) |
| 1.5 or higher | 3 (2) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) |
| Do not know | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Target dose (p=0.028), g/kg/day | |||||
| 1 or 2 | 34 (21) | 15 (28) | 3 (8) | 9 (18) | 7 (37) |
| 3 or 4 | 123 (76) | 38 (70) | 33 (85) | 40 (82) | 12 (63) |
| 5 or higher/do not know | 4 (3) | 1 (2) | 3 (8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Caloric target (p<0.001), kcal/kg/day | |||||
| 90 or 100 | 29 (18) | 3 (6) | 15 (39) | 3 (6) | 8 (42) |
| 110 | 28 (17) | 8 (15) | 6 (15) | 11 (22) | 3 (16) |
| 120 | 65 (40) | 25 (46) | 10 (26) | 26 (53) | 4 (21) |
| 130 or more | 35 (22) | 18 (33) | 4 (10) | 9 (18) | 4 (21) |
| Do not know | 4 (3) | 0 (0) | 4 (10) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Maximal caloric intake prescribed (p<0.001), kcal/kg/day | |||||
| 110 | 13 (8) | 1 (2) | 7 (18) | 3 (6) | 2 (11) |
| 120 | 36 (22) | 9 (17) | 12 (31) | 9 (18) | 6 (32) |
| 130 | 32 (20) | 10 (19) | 4 (10) | 12 (25) | 6 (32) |
| 140 | 37 (23) | 16 (30) | 2 (5) | 18 (37) | 1 (5) |
| 150 or more | 34 (21) | 18 (33) | 6 (15) | 6 (12) | 4 (21) |
| Do not know | 9 (6) | 0 (0) | 8 (21) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
Percentages do not necessarily sum up to 100% due to rounding.
Recommended intakes as defined in the Methods section are highlighted in bold.
D0, day 0; D1, day 1; D2, day 2.