Table 2.
Health Characteristics of Smokers (n=128, 44%) and Nonsmokers (n=163, 56%)
| Variable | Smokers n=128 (44%) | Nonsmokers n=163 (56%) | Test Statistic | p-value1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Factors, M(SD) | ||||
| Weight (lbs) | 227.9 (47.5) | 224.3 (45.8) | F=0.01 | 0.91 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 36.1 (7.6) | 36.4 (7.0) | χ2=0.02 | 0.88 |
| BMI (kg/m2) > = 30 n(%) | 102 (79.7) | 132 (81.0) | χ2= 0.01 | 0.92 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) > = 40 n(%) | 31 (24.2) | 45 (27.6) | χ2= 0.28 | 0.60 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 117.6 (15.5) | 116.5 (15.5) | F=0.18 | 0.67 |
| Exercise time (mins) | 6.7 (2.9) | 6.8 (3.0) | F=1.24 | 0.27 |
| Sbp (mm Hg) | 120.5 (13.2) | 117.9 (13.4) | F=1.69 | 0.19 |
| Dbp (mm Hg) | 76.3 (8.9) | 74.0 (9.1) | F=3.74 | 0.05 |
| Total Cholesterol | 178.2 (40.2) | 178.5 (38.5) | F=0.05 | 0.83 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 98.6 (33.8) | 99.6 (32.2) | F=0.00 | 0.98 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 43.0 (12.0) | 48.9 (14.9) | F=8.01 | 0.005 |
| Triglycerides(mg/dl) | 185.4 (106.4) | 148.6 (88.0) | F=7.72 | 0.006 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 107.7 (33.9) | 102.9 (31.1) | F=1.05 | 0.31 |
| Risk of cardiovascular event | 13.2 % (11.9) | 7.4 % (7.2) | F=38.7 | < .001 |
| Medical conditions, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 35 (27.3) | 48 (29.5) | χ2= 0.74 | 0.48 |
| Hypertension | 85 (66.4) | 90 (55.2) | χ2= 3.67 | 0.06 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 65 (50.8) | 75 (46.0) | χ2= 0.90 | 0.34 |
| Emphysema | 13 (10.2) | 3 (1.8) | χ2= 8.63 | 0.003 |
| Asthma | 28 (21.9) | 33 (20.3) | χ2= 0.039 | 0.84 |
| Hepatitis | 11 (8.6) | 8 (4.9) | χ2= 0.85 | 0.36 |
| Seizure Disorder | 15 (11.8) | 21 (12.8) | χ2= 0.004 | 0.95 |
| Stroke | 5 (3.9) | 10 (6.1) | χ2= 0.44 | 0.51 |
| Dietary Intake, M(SD) | ||||
| Total fat (gms) | 92.4 (25.8) | 89.7 (26.0) | F=0.49 | 0.48 |
| Saturated fat (gms) | 28.0 (9.6) | 26.1 (9.9) | F=0.49 | 0.48 |
| Percent fat (% Kcal) | 34.5 (6.4) | 33.8 (6.5) | F=0.49 | 0.48 |
| Dietary cholesterol (gms) | 290.7 (90.7) | 270.6 (96.0) | F=0.50 | 0.48 |
| Fruit and vegetable servings | 3.5 (2.1) | 4.0 (2.1) | F=3.98 | 0.047 |
| Dietary fiber (gms) | 14.7 (6.5) | 15.4 (6.5) | F=3.55 | 0.06 |
Note: BMI = body mass index; Sbp = systolic blood pressure; Dbp = diastolic blood pressure; LDL = low density lipoprotein; HDL = high density lipoprotein.
1
Adjusted for age and sex, education, diagnosis