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. 2013 Oct;103(10):1902–1909. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301362

TABLE 2—

Associations for Little Cigar and Cigarillo Availability and for Exterior Advertising Regressed on Store Characteristics and Neighborhood Demographics: Washington, DC, 2011–2012

Variable % or Mean (SD) LCCs available (n = 725), OR (95% CI) Exterior Advertising (n = 731), PR (95% CI)
Intercept 1.80 (0.65, 5.00) 0.12*** (0.04, 0.36)
Store
 Convenience store 29 1.00 (Ref) 1.00 (Ref)
 Gas station 12 1.81 (0.67, 4.85) 1.19 (0.70, 2.01)
 Pharmacy 7 3.14 (0.90, 10.92) 0.00*** (0.00, 0.00)
 Grocery 11 0.56 (0.28, 1.24) 0.79 (0.38, 1.64)
 Liquor 21 0.51* (0.28, 0.93) 0.81 (0.43, 1.53)
 Other 20 0.29*** (0.16, 0.52) 0.36 (0.12, 1.04)
Store’s registers, no.
 < 3 87 1.00 (Ref) 1.00 (Ref)
 ≥ 3 13 1.02 (0.46, 2.28) 0.22 (0.02, 2.41)
African American,%
 First quartile 1.00 (Ref) 1.00 (Ref)
 Second quartile 2.82*** (1.67, 4.77) 2.50* (1.10, 5.70)
 Third quartile 13.5*** (5.56, 32.82) 5.30*** (2.21, 12.71)
 Fourth quartile 11.8*** (4.51, 30.67) 10.16*** (4.21, 24.56)
Residents 18–34 y, %
 First quartile 1.00 (Ref) 1.00 (Ref)
 Second quartile 0.99 (0.42, 2.32) 1.27 (0.61, 2.65)
 Third quartile 1.36 (0.46, 4.00) 2.92* (1.13, 7.50)
 Fourth quartile 0.96 (0.34, 2.70) 3.23** (1.52, 6.8)
Population/square mile
 First quartile 1.00 (Ref) 1.00 (Ref)
 Second quartile 0.75 (0.39, 1.45) 1.05 (0.59, 1.89)
 Third quartile 1.25 (0.59, 2.66) 0.72 (0.33, 1.58)
 Fourth quartile 1.50 (0.68, 3.30) 1.20 (0.52, 2.73)
Outlets, no. 4.6 (2.9) 0.98 (0.93, 1.02) 0.92* (0.86, 0.99)

Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; PR = prevalence ratio. We did not include newsstands and kiosks in this analysis, as these establishments did not have exterior walls.

*P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.