Table 2.

Policy determinants

Prolonged and/or frequent absence (n = 21)
Africa	Coffee [36], Lagarde [19], Lurie [38, 82], Lydie [42],  Munyewende [71], Ondimu [83], Zuma [84]
The Americas	Hanf [85], Kissinger [76], Lippman [86], Parrado [31]
Europe	El Bassel [87], Evans [88], Kramer [89], Stulhofer [90]
South East Asia	Ford [91], Mercer [92], Poudel [57], Saggurti [25]
Western Pacific	Li [93]
Financial status (n = 11)
Africa	Chirwa [21], Munyewende [71]
The Americas	Apostolopoulos [22], Bronfman [94], Organista [40]
South East Asia	Mullany [16], Vaidya [95]
Western Pacific	Li [45, 96], Song [97], Yang [26]
Difficult working and housing conditions (n = 10)
Africa	Campbell [46], Macheke [28], Munyewende [71], Ondimu [83]
The Americas	Apostolopoulos [22], Deren [58]
Europe	Weine [47]
Western Pacific	Hesketh [98], Li [45], Yang [26]
Limited access to health care (n = 8)
Africa	Munyewende [71]
The Americas	Apostolopoulos [22], Hanf [85], Sena [62]
Western Pacific	Bandyopadhyay [48], Hesketh [98], Li [43], Song [97]
Legal status (n = 4)
Africa	Munyewende [71]
The Americas	Bronfman [94]
Europe	Weine [47]
Western Pacific	Li [45]
Language barriers (n = 3)
The Americas	Denner [63], Organista [40, 49]