Table 1.
Demographics, Valvar Pathology, and Comorbidity
| Unmatched Group (total n=334) |
Matched Group (total n=172) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resection (n=248) |
Neochordae (n=86) |
Resection (n=86) |
Neochordae (n=86) |
|||||||
| No. (%) or | No. (%) or | No. (%) or | No. (%) or | |||||||
| Variable | na | Mean ± SD | na | Mean ± SD | P | na | Mean ± SD | na | Mean ± SD | P |
| Demographics | ||||||||||
| Femaleb | 248 | 47 (19) | 86 | 21 (24) | .3 | 86 | 17 (20) | 86 | 21 (24) | .5 |
| Age (y)b | 248 | 56 ± 9.6 | 86 | 57 ± 10 | .4 | 86 | 56 ± 9.4 | 86 | 57 ± 10 | .7 |
| Body mass index (kg•m−2)b | 246 | 26 ± 4.4 | 86 | 26 ± 3.4 | .8 | 85 | 26 ± 4.5 | 86 | 26 ± 3.4 | .9 |
| Valvar pathology | ||||||||||
| Mitral regurgitation gradeb | 242 | 82 | .5 | 83 | 82 | .6 | ||||
| 2+ | 1 (0.41) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.2) | ||||||
| 3+ | 42 (17) | 11 (13) | 12 (14) | 11 (13) | ||||||
| 4+ | 199 (82) | 70 (85) | 71 (86) | 70 (85) | ||||||
| Tricuspid regurgitation grade | 236 | 79 | .8 | 81 | 79 | .9 | ||||
| None | 132 (56) | 45 (57) | 41 (51) | 45 (57) | ||||||
| 1+ | 74 (31) | 22 (28) | 27 (33) | 22 (28) | ||||||
| 2+ | 25 (11) | 11 (14) | 12 (15) | 11 (14) | ||||||
| 3+ | 5 (2.1) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.3) | ||||||
| Segment P1 diseasedb | 227 | 25 (11) | 81 | 9 (11) | >.9 | 79 | 17 (22) | 81 | 9 (11) | .07 |
| Segment P2 diseasedb | 230 | 217 (94) | 81 | 79 (98) | .2 | 81 | 74 (91) | 81 | 79 (98) | .09 |
| Segment P3 diseasedb | 228 | 22 (9.6) | 80 | 22 (28) | <.0001 | 80 | 13 (16) | 80 | 22 (28) | .08 |
| Number of P segments diseasedb | 230 | 81 | .001 | 81 | 81 | .2 | ||||
| 1 | 198 (86) | 55 (68) | 58 (72) | 55 (68) | ||||||
| 2 | 30 (13) | 23 (28) | 23 (28) | 23 (28) | ||||||
| 3 | 2 (0.87) | 3 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 3 (3.7) | ||||||
| Left atrial diameter (cm) | 242 | 4.6 ± 0.72 | 81 | 4.5 ± 0.84 | .4 | 82 | 4.6 ± 0.66 | 81 | 4.5 ± 0.84 | .5 |
| Cardiac comorbidity | ||||||||||
| Atrial fibrillation/flutterb | 243 | 12 (4.9) | 82 | 5 (6.1) | .7 | 85 | 6 (7.1) | 82 | 5 (6.1) | .8 |
| Heart failure | 248 | 13 (5.2) | 86 | 2 (2.3) | .3 | 86 | 6 (7.0) | 86 | 2 (2.3) | .15 |
| NYHA functional classb | 223 | 74 | .14 | 76 | 74 | .9 | ||||
| I | 111 (50) | 48 (65) | 47 (62) | 48 (65) | ||||||
| II | 90 (40) | 20 (27) | 21 (28) | 20 (27) | ||||||
| III | 21 (9.4) | 6 (8.1) | 8 (11) | 6 (8.1) | ||||||
| IV | 1 (0.45) | 0 (0) | — | — | ||||||
| Ejection fraction (%)b | 241 | 60 ± 4.1 | 82 | 59 ± 4.7 | .15 | 82 | 59 ± 4.2 | 82 | 59 ± 4.7 | >.9 |
| Noncardiac comorbidity | ||||||||||
| Peripheral arterial disease | 248 | 1 (0.4) | 86 | 0 (0) | .6 | 86 | 0 (0) | 86 | 0 (0) | — |
| Carotid disease | 248 | 14 (5.6) | 86 | 0 (0) | .02 | 86 | 4 (4.7) | 86 | 0 (0) | .04 |
| Stroke | 248 | 4 (1.6) | 86 | 0 (0) | .2 | 86 | 0 (0) | 86 | 0 (0) | — |
| Hypertensionb | 248 | 104 (42) | 86 | 33 (38) | .6 | 86 | 33 (38) | 86 | 33 (38) | >.9 |
| Pharmacologically treated diabetes |
248 | 1 (0.4) | 86 | 3 (3.5) | .02 | 86 | 1 (1.2) | 86 | 3 (3.5) | .3 |
| Smokingb | 248 | 90 (36) | 86 | 26 (30) | .3 | 86 | 25 (29) | 86 | 26 (30) | .9 |
| COPD | 248 | 9 (3.6) | 86 | 2 (2.3) | .6 | 86 | 2 (2.3) | 86 | 2 (2.3) | >.9 |
| Creatinine (mg•dL−1) | 248 | 0.98 ± 0.20 | 86 | 0.97 ± 0.19 | .4 | 86 | 0.96 ± 0.19 | 86 | 0.97 ± 0.19 | .9 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg•dL−1) | 248 | 17 ± 4.4 | 86 | 17 ± 4.4 | .7 | 86 | 18 ± 4.5 | 86 | 17 ± 4.4 | .9 |
a
Patients with data available.
b
Variables used in propensity model. In addition to these, we included preoperative hematocrit, triglycerides, and left ventricular end-diastolic volume and mass.
Key: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SD, standard deviation.