Table 1.
Group differences regarding age, depression, early life stress, and personality variables (n = 28)
| Measure |
Remitted depressed (n = 14) |
Healthy controls (n = 14) |
t | v | P value | ||
| mean | SD | mean | SD | ||||
| Age (yr) | 55.1 | 11.3 | 54.9 | 11.8 | 0.07 | 26 | 0.948 |
| BDI | 8.2 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 2.1 | 26 | 0.046 |
| HDRS | 3.8 | 1.5 | - | - | - | - | - |
| MADRS | 5.2 | 2.9 | - | - | - | - | - |
| No. of episodes1 | 3.9 | 1.9 | - | - | - | - | - |
| CTQ | 53.4 | 25.4 | 36.1 | 10.2 | 2.3 | 26 | 0.026 |
| total score | |||||||
| STAI state | 41.6 | 11.9 | 32.5 | 8.9 | 2.3 | 26 | 0.031 |
| STAI trait | 29.9 | 9.1 | 18.9 | 5.4 | 3.9 | 26 | < 0.001 |
| CISS task | 27.5 | 6.5 | 31.3 | 4.9 | -1.7 | 26 | 0.093 |
| CISS emotion | 22.3 | 4.2 | 22.0 | 5.3 | 0.51 | 26 | 0.612 |
| CISS avoidance | 22.2 | 5.8 | 24.9 | 8.7 | -0.95 | 26 | 0.353 |
| BVAQ total score | 112.6 | 17.3 | 100.4 | 18.8 | 1.7 | 26 | 0.093 |
1
Only available from 10 patients. BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; HDRS: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (remitted depressed group only); MADRS: Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (remitted depressed group only); CTQ: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; STAI: State Trait Anxiety Inventory; CISS: Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (task, emotion and avoidance oriented coping style); BVAQ: Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire; Bonferroni adjusted α levels of 0.006 per test (0.05/9).