Table 1.
Body mass index -z score, fat fraction, liver echogenicity, liver biochemical parameters and lipid profile of the studied population at baseline and at the end of intervention, values are mean (SD)+ and median or number of observation (%)
| Variable | Baseline (n = 46) | End of intervention (n = 46) | 1P value |
| BMI Z score | 2.3 (0.4); 2.1 | 1.90 (0.6); 1.9 | < 0.001 |
| Fat fraction (%) | 7.8 (13.3) | 0.01 (8.3) | < 0.001 |
| FF ≥ 5% | 21 (45.7) | 5 (10.9) | < 0.001 |
| FF ≥ 9% | 16 (34.8) | 4 (8.7) | < 0.001 |
| Liver echogenicity (%) | |||
| 0 | 25 (54.3) | 36 (78.3) | < 0.0001 |
| 1 | 14 (30.4) | 9 (19.6) | |
| 2 | 6 (13.0) | 1 (2.2) | |
| 3 | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| ALT (UI/L) | 34.8 (12.0); 29.0 | 23.8 (8.70); 22.50 | < 0.001 |
| AST (UI/L) | 30.7 (10.1); 29.0 | 25.9 (7.50); 26.00 | < 0.001 |
| γGT (UI/L) | 15.7 (5.2); 15.0 | 13.1 (3.80); 12.00 | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.39 (0.70); 4.48 | 4.30 (0.76); 4.23 | 0.211 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.22 (0.24); 1.23 | 1.21 (0.22); 1.24 | 0.916 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.64 (0.59); 2.60 | 2.60 (0.67); 2.56 | 0.306 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.31 (0.62); 1.20 | 0.99 (0.46); 0.94 | < 0.001 |
| Apo A1 (g/L) | 1.24 (0.21); 1.21 | 1.28 (0.21); 1.26 | 0.122 |
| Apo B (g/L) | 0.73 (0.17); 0.70 | 0.66 (0.15); 0.67 | 0.022 |
1Adjusted for age, sex and duration of obesity; 2Student’s t test for paired data or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Normal range[32]: ALT (5-45 UI/L) for age 1-19 years; AST (15-55 UI/L) for age 1-9 years and (5-45 UI/L) for age 10-19 years; gammaGT (5-32 U/I) for age 4 mo-9 years and (5-24 UI/L) for age 10-15 years. SI convertion factors: to convert cholesterol, divide values by 0.0259; to convert triglycerides, divide values by 0.0113; to convert Apo A1 and Apo B values by 0.01. BMI: Body mass index; FF: Fat fraction; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; γGT: Gamma glutamyltransferase; HDL: High-density-lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density-lipoprotein.