TABLE 5.
UNIVARIATE AND MULTIVARIATE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ADHERENCE AND DEMOGRAPHIC, SOCIOECONOMIC, AND MEDICAL FACTORS AS PART OF THE OBSERVATIONAL CASE SERIES. GLAUCOMA TREATMENT ASSESSMENT TOOL STUDY*
| VARIABLE† |
UNIVARIATE ANALYSIS B |
P‡ |
MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS B |
P§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years older | .37 | .002 | .47 | .002 |
| Female vs male | −2.38 | .52 | … | … |
| White primary ethnicity vs other ethnicity | 10.73 | .01 | 14.22 | .01 |
| Some college or more vs less education | −1.19 | .78 | … | … |
| Cost out-of-pocket per year for prescriptions, per $ higher | .002 | .32 | … | … |
| Intraocular pressure (right eye), mm Hg | −.51 | .13 | … | … |
| Intraocular pressure (left eye), mm Hg | −.66 | .10 | −.031 | .80 |
| Number of eye drops per day | 1.08 | .21 | … | … |
| Visual field mean deviation in better eye, dB | −.16 | .63 | … | … |
| Visual field mean deviation in worse eye, dB | −.12 | .60 | … | … |
The only questions eligible for multivariate analysis were those questions with P≤.10 using univariate analysis. This analysis includes n=57 participants, and excluded one participant because of a Travatan Dosing Aid (Alcon, Fort Worth, Texas) malfunction. Adherence was defined as the proportion of days (from 0 to 100%) in which any drop was taken within 6 hours of the designated time. Data are presented as unstandardized beta coefficients. R2 was .27 for the final multivariate model including age and ethnicity.
Two (n=2) participants in the adherent group did not know whether they had insurance coverage for medication; 10 participants (5 from the adherent group and 5 from the nonadherent group) did not know their medication cost out-of-pocket; and 1 person in the nonadherent group did not have intraocular pressure evaluated at the enrollment visit.
P value for univariate analysis for higher percentage of adherence (linear regression model).
P value for multivariate analysis for higher percentage of adherence (linear regression model with covariates eligible if univariate P ≤ .10).