Table 2.

Promising Outcome Measures for the Cognitive Domain

Domain	Outcome Measure	Pros	Cons
Language	Standardized Language Sampling Procedures (e.g., narration)	Useful for wide age/ability range	Labor-intensive transcription; psychometrics not fully known for FXS
Memory	WJ Auditory Working Memory WJ Digits Reversed Corsi Blocks CANTAB Object Memory RBANS List Learning	Collectively, broad coverage of domain; good psychometric properties in general population; evidence of reliability and validity in FXS	Not all subtests appropriate for lower-functioning people
Executive Function	WJ Planning Contingency naming KiTAP (4 subtests) WJ Rapid naming	Collectively, broad coverage of domain; good psychometrics in general population; evidence of reliability and validity in FXS	Not all subtests feasible for lower- functioning people
Social Cognition	Social Responsiveness Scale	Broad coverage of social behaviors; easy to administer; strong psychometrics in other populations Useful for wide age/ability range	Unknown validity for FXS
	Eye Tracking (to measure emotion processing)	Useful for wide age/ability range	Unknown validity for FXS; technology not widely available
Academic Achievement	Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement-III	Wide age range; good reliability; alternate test forms	Unknown validity for FXS
	Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-II	Wide age range; validity studies with clinical populations	Unknown validity for FXS