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Spontaneous cytokine production by the ex vivo obtained PBMC of the 20 individuals. Cytokine levels were assessed in supernatants of unstimulated (e.g., only culture medium) 6 d cultures.
| Individuals with titanium dental implant (n = 6) | Individuals without titanium dental implant (n = 14) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (pg/mL) | ± | Mean (pg/mL) | ± | |
| IL-1β | 9.04 | 16.87 | 23.39 | 65.47 |
| IL-6 | 688.33 | 1566.10 | 1909.8 | 4958.15 |
| IL-10 | 4.18 | 2.98 | 0 | 0 |
| TNFα | 1.02 | 1.93 | 1.75 | 4.52 |
