Fig. 3.

Retinoic acid induces an immature gut-homing profile on monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) were cultured for 24 h in the presence of different doses of retinoic acid (RA). Expression of (a) gut-homing markers β7 and CCR9 and (b) intensity ratio (IR) human leucocyte antigen D-related (HLA-DR) and immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)-3 (as all DC expressed those markers) and update of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran were assessed by flow cytometry. Results are displayed as mean ± standard error of the mean of one experiment (assayed in triplicate) representative of three independent experiments.