Table 2.
Means (SD) and comparison statistics for parent ratings of parent-defined symptom groups
| Variable | ODD Only | ADHD Only | ODD + ADHD | NONE | F-ratio | Post hoc comparisons |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3- to 5-year-old | (n = 4) | (n = 62) | (n = 21) | (n = 110) | ||
| CD | 2.8 (1.7) | 0.8 (1.4) | 3.5 (3.2) | 0.4 (0.9) | 27.29*** | OA > A,N |
| MDD | 5.0 (1.3) | 5.2 (3.6) | 6.6 (3.1) | 3.7 (1.6) | 9.04*** | OA,A > N |
| Dysthymia | 3.8 (1.5) | 4.0 (2.8) | 4.8 (2.4) | 2.7 (1.3) | 9.48*** | OA,A > N |
| Compulsions | 1.0 (1.4) | 0.7 (0.9) | 1.6 (1.1) | 0.7 (0.9) | 5.22** | OA > A,N |
| Social deficits | 8.0 (2.6) | 6.5 (3.4) | 8.2 (2.9) | 5.0 (2.9) | 8.10*** | OA,A > N |
| Perseverative behaviors | 4.5 (1.0) | 4.5 (2.8) | 7.8 (2.2) | 3.8 (2.4) | 14.56*** | OA > A,N |
| 6- to 12-year-old | (n = 15) | (n = 145) | (n = 92) | (n = 125) | ||
| CD | 1.4 (2.0) | 0.8 (1.5) | 3.8 (4.2) | 0.4 (0.8) | 42.61*** | OA > A,N; OA > O |
| GAD | 7.6 (4.7) | 3.8 (3.2) | 7.1 (4.0) | 3.2 (2.8) | 29.70*** | OA > A,N; O > N |
| MDD | 7.7 (5.3) | 4.4 (2.9) | 7.9 (4.8) | 3.6 (2.5) | 33.14*** | OA > A,N; O > N |
| Dysthymia | 7.3 (5.3) | 4.0 (2.8) | 7.6 (4.6) | 3.3 (2.6) | 34.11*** | OA > A,N |
| SAD | 4.7 (5.1) | 2.2 (2.9) | 4.5 (5.1) | 1.5 (2.2) | 15.82*** | OA > A,N |
| Specific phobia | 1.4 (1.2) | 0.8 (0.9) | 1.2 (1.1) | 1.0 (1.0) | 3.96** | OA > A |
| Obsessions | 1.1 (1.4) | 0.6 (0.8) | 1.0 (1.1) | 0.4 (0.7) | 8.83*** | OA > A,N |
| Motor tics | 1.1 (1.2) | 0.8 (0.9) | 0.8 (1.0) | 0.5 (0.8) | 3.60* | A > N |
| Language deficits | 5.8 (4.0) | 5.8 (3.2) | 4.6 (3.0) | 5.6 (3.7) | 2.76* | A > OA |
| Perseverative behaviors | 6.5 (3.0) | 5.8 (3.0) | 5.7 (2.9) | 4.7 (3.0) | 3.76* | A > N |
Note: ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ODD, oppositional defiant disorder; CD, conduct disorder; GAD, generalized anxiety disorder; SAD, separation anxiety disorder; MDD, major depressive disorder
*
p < .05;
**
p < .01;
***
p < .001