Table 1.

Description of Variables Used in the Analyses

Variable label	Operationalization
Dependent Variable
Housing Cost Burden	1 if annual housing costs are 30% or more of annual income, 0 otherwise
Independent Variables
U.S. born Black	1 if respondent born in U.S. and Non-Hispanic Black, 0 otherwise
U.S. born White	1 if born in U.S. and Non-Hispanic White, 0 otherwise
U.S. born Latino	1 if born in U.S. and Latino, 0 otherwise
Authorized Latino immigrant	1 if born in Latin America, not U.S. citizen and authorized to be in country
Unauthorized Latino immigrant	1 if born in Latin America, not U.S. citizen and not authorized to be in country
Bank account	1 if family has checking, savings, or money market account, 0 otherwise
Receives public assistance	1 if family receives transfer/public assistance income
Own home	1 if home is owned, 0 otherwise
Number of rooms	Number of rooms in house/apartment excluding bathrooms and kitchen
Nine or more years of education	1 if respondent has nine years or more education,
Age between 18 and 29	1 if respondent is between 18 and 29 years of age, 0 otherwise
Age between 30 and 44	1 if respondent is between 30 and 44 years of age, 0 otherwise
Age between 45 and 59	1 if respondent is between 45 and 59 years of age, 0 otherwise
Age 60 years or older	1 if respondent is 60 years of age or older, 0 otherwise
Married	1 if respondent is married or living with a partner, 0 otherwise
Children present	1 if minor children in respondent’s family, 0 otherwise
LQ recent immigrant	Location quotient: percent of census tract are immigrants arriving after 1995
LQ median price	Location quotient: median price of homes in tract, year before surveyed
Immigrant-only analyses
15 years or more in U.S.	1 if immigrant respondent has lived in U.S. for 15 years or more, 0 otherwise
English	1 if respondent used the English version of the
	survey, 0 used Spanish version