Table 1. Demographics and clinical information, as well as screening cognitive and affective measures for PD patients and controls.
PD | Control | |
N | 29 | 27 |
Age | 63.79 (1.61) | 63.78 (1.43) |
Education | 13.72 (0.69) | 12.67 (0.59) |
Years Disease | 5.02 (0.99) | – |
LED (mg) | 520 (67.32) | – |
DA (n) | 11 | – |
UPDRS ON | 17.19 (1.43) | – |
UPDRS OFF | 21.76 (1.73) | – |
BDI-II ON | 7.87 (0.99) | 4.19 (0.76) |
BDI-II OFF | 9.80 (1.33) | 4.09 (0.71) |
Apathy ON | 11.76 (1.31) | 8.89 (1.03) |
Apathy OFF | 11.70 (1.26) | 8.67 (1.10) |
ANART IQ | 120.32 (1.47) | 121.40 (1.32) |
F-words | 13.52 (1.09) | 14.22 (1.12) |
A-words | 10.86 (0.63) | 11.20 (0.54) |
S-words | 13.98 (0.74) | 15.30 (0.63) |
Animals | 18.40 (0.70) | 20.94 (0.78) |
Clock | 3 (0) | 3 (0) |
Cube | 1 (0) | 1 (0) |
WCST Categories | 3.76 (0.30) | 4.39 (0.27) |
WCST Perseverative Errors | 17.81 (1.76) | 16.78 (1.47) |
WCST Non-perseverative Errors | 21.03 (2.52) | 15.63 (1.93) |
Screening affective and cognitive measures are presented as group means (SEM). Control participants did NOT receive dopaminergic therapy during any session of the experiment. Their data are presented here to correspond to the ON-OFF order of the PD patient to whom they were matched.
Education = years of education; Years Disease = years since diagnosis of PD; LED = daily L-DOPA equivalent dose in mg; DA = number of patients taking dopamine agonists; UPDRS ON = Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor score on medication; UPDRS OFF = Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor score off medication; BDI-II ON = Beck Depression Inventory II score measured for PD patients while they were treated with their usual dopamine-replacement therapy and for control participants during the session that corresponded to the ON session of the PD patient to whom they were matched; BDI-II OFF = Beck Depression Inventory II score measured for PD patients while they abstained from their usual dopamine-replacement therapy and for control participants during the session that corresponded to the OFF session of the PD patient to whom they were matched; Apathy ON = Apathy Evaluation Scale score measured during the ON session; Apathy OFF = Apathy Evaluation Scale score measured during the OFF session; ANART IQ = National Adult Reading Test [95] IQ estimation tested in the ON session; F-words = average number of words beginning with the letter F generated in one minute in ON and OFF sessions; A-words = average number of words beginning with the letter A generated in one minute in ON and OFF sessions; S-words = average number of words beginning with the letter S generated in one minute in ON and OFF sessions; Animals = average number of animal names generated in one minute in ON and OFF sessions; Clock = score on clock drawing component of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) tested in the ON session; Cube = score on cube copying component of MOCA tested in the ON session; WCST Categories = average number of correct categorizations on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in ON and OFF sessions; WCST Perseverative Errors = average number of perseverative errors in the WCST in ON and OFF sessions; WCST Non-perseverative Errors = average number of non-perseverative errors in the WCST in ON and OFF sessions.