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. 2009 Jul 31;54(5):313–324. doi: 10.1007/s00038-009-0058-2

Appendix 2. Applied quality items (Berkman et al. 2004; Drummond et al. 2005; NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination 2001; Pignone et al. 2005)

No. Items Comment/criteria PREV COST CEFF
1 ext Population characteristics described in sufficient detail? (pop_sex_age_ethn_morb) At least 3: sex; age; morbidities or social features (such as ethnicity; education; income) PREV COST CEFF
2 ext Recruitment of population described in sufficient detail? (site_level) Qual. description is sufficient; PREV COST CEFF
3 ext Intervention described in sufficient detail? (intervention) CEFF
4 ext Alternative described in sufficient detail? (alternative) CEFF
5 int Randomisation procedure adequate? (gen of ran sequ; concealm of alloc) Both have to be described for randomised studies CEFF
6 int Completeness of follow up (follup_compl) Completeness fulfilled: >=80% CEFF
7 int Blinding (of outcome assessors or study analysts, may be for HL or costs) Fulfilled if stated in the text CEFF
8 int Outcome measurement for HL: described in sufficient detail? (out_HL-meas) PREV COST CEFF
9 int Outcome measurement for intermed/final: outcome described in sufficient detail? (out_cons) COST CEFF
10 int Costs measured correctly? (out_cost) To be described: quantities of resource use; currency and price date; discounting COST CEFF
11 int Outcome incremental analysis for costs and consequences? (out_cost) CEFF
12 ext Perspective of economic evaluation stated? (CEFF_persp) CEFF
13 ext Sensitivity analysis performed? (CEFF_sensit) To address uncertainty of input variables COST CEFF
14 int Analysis: adequate techniques used? Measures of uncertainty for main results reported? (e.g. CI); accounted for confounding? (restriction; stratific.; multivar. models; ran) If econometric model used: time horizon stated? PREV COST CEFF

Applied scoring: No; Yes; unclear

int items addressing internal validity, ext items addressing external validity, PREV studies assessing the prevalence of HL levels, COST studies assessing the costs of limited HL, CEFF studies assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions to improve limited HL