TABLE 1.
Characteristics of Injured Persons With Field Physiologic Abnormality (n = 6,259)*
| Total (N = 6,259) |
“Low Risk” (Alive and LOS 0–2 d) (N = 2,628) |
“High Risk” (Death or LOS >2 d) (N = 3,631) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Out-of-hospital characteristics | |||
| Age (yrs) | 44.5 (21.7) | 44.0 (21.9) | 45.0 (21.5) |
| Male | 4,244 (67.8%) | 1,598 (60.8%) | 2,646 (72.9%) |
| Mechanism of injury (%) | |||
| Motor vehicle | 1,689 (27.0) | 602 (22.9) | 1,087 (29.9) |
| Cyclist or pedestrian | 561 (8.96) | 161 (6.13) | 400 (11.0) |
| Stabbing or firearm | 984(15.7) | 263 (10.0) | 721 (19.9) |
| Machinery | 32 (0.51) | 19 (0.72) | 13 (0.36) |
| Fall | 1,975 (31.6) | 1,027 (39.1) | 948 (26.1) |
| Others | 899 (14.4) | 512 (19.5) | 387 (10.7) |
| Penetrating injury type (%) | 1,045 (16.7) | 290 (11.0) | 755 (20.8) |
| Sites (anonymized) (%) | |||
| Site A | 6(0.1) | 1 (0.04) | 5 (0.14) |
| Site B | 370 (5.91) | 38 (1.45) | 332 (9.14) |
| Site C | 541 (8.64) | 197 (7.5) | 344 (9.47) |
| Site D | 1,331 (21.3) | 720 (27.4) | 611 (16.8) |
| Site E | 348 (5.56) | 131 (4.98) | 217 (5.98) |
| Site F | 236 (3.77) | 84 (3.2) | 152 (4.19) |
| Site G | 302 (4.83) | 119 (4.53) | 183 (5.04) |
| Site H | 1,398 (22.3) | 762 (29.0) | 636 (17.5) |
| Site I | 608 (9.71) | 243 (9.25) | 365 (10.1) |
| Site J | 512 (8.18) | 150 (5.71) | 362 (9.97) |
| Site K | 607 (9.7) | 183 (6.96) | 424(11.7) |
| Out-of-hospital physiologic characteristics (%) | |||
| GCS ≤12 | 2,937 (46.9) | 996 (37.9) | 1,941 (53.5) |
| SBP ≤90 mm Hg | 2,085 (33.3) | 1,049 (39.9) | 1,036 (28.5) |
| Respiratory rate <10 or >29 | 1,289 (20.6) | 447 (17.0) | 842 (23.2) |
| Advanced airway | 1,294 (20.7) | 121 (4.6) | 1,173 (32.3) |
| Single physiologic criteria for entry to the study sample (%) | 4,184 (66.8) | 2,194 (83.5) | 1,990 (54.8) |
| GCS ≤12 | 1,679 (26.8) | 826 (31.4) | 853 (23.5) |
| SBP ≤90 mm Hg | 1,519 (24.3) | 960 (36.5) | 559 (15.4) |
| Respiratory rate <10 or >29 | 581 (9.28) | 363 (13.8) | 218 (6.0) |
| Advanced airway | 405 (6.47) | 45 (1.71) | 360 (9.91) |
| Additional physiologic information | |||
| Pulse rate (beats/min) | 90.2 (28.7) | 91.1 (22.5) | 89.4 (33.1) |
| Shock index (pulse/SBP) | 0.87 (0.38) | 0.86 (0.29) | 0.89 (0.46) |
| Pulse oximetry | 95.0 (10.5) | 97.2 (4.15) | 93.1 (13.6) |
*
Values presented are n (%) or mean (SD) for categorical and continuous covariates, respectively.
Advanced airway use included any of the following: intubation (oral or nasopharyngeal), supraglottic airway (e.g., combitube), or cricothyrotomy.