Increased numbers of degenerating pachytene spermatocytes from the first wave of spermatogenesis and delay in the development of the second wave. A–D: Histological sections of 2-week-old testis from RARα+/+ (A,C) and RARα−/− mice (B,D). Arrows in A and C point to mid-pachytene spermatocytes. Arrowheads in D point to degenerating early pachytene spermatocytes. A,B: Original magnification, ×20. C,D: Original magnification, ×40. EP, early pachytene spermatocytes; PL/L, preleptotene or leptotene spermatocytes; B, type B spermatogonia; Z, zygotene spermatocytes; MP, mid-pachytene spermatocytes.