Table 1.
Selected clinical trials with bispecifc antibodies.
| BiAb (alternative name; developing company) |
Target or cancer type | Effector cell | Antibody format | Reference/ClinicalTrials.gov identifer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-CD3 x anti-EpCAM (catumaxomab, Removab) |
Ovarian, gastric, colon and breast (malignant ascites) cancers |
T-cells | IgG | [70,73] |
| NSCLC | T-cells | IgG | [72] | |
| Ovarian carcinoma | T-cells | IgG | NCT00189345 | |
| Anti-CD3 x anti-CD19 (blinatumomab; Micromet AG/Micromet Inc) |
NHL | T-cells | BiTE | NCT00274742 |
| B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
T-cells | BiTE | NCT00560794 | |
| Anti-CD3 x anti-CA19-9 (OKT3/NSI19-9) |
CA19-9-positive tumors | T-cells | IgG | [97] |
| Anti-CD3 x anti-CEA | Human CEA-expressing cells | T-cells | F(ab’)2 | [98] |
| Anti-CD3 x anti-CEA | Ovarian carcinoma | T-cells | Diabody | [99] |
| Anti-CD3 x anti-CD19 (SHR-1) | NHL | T-cells | IgG | [55] |
| Anti-OCAA x anti-CD3 (OC/TR) | Ovarian carcinoma | T-cells | F(ab’)2 | [92,100] |
| Anti-CD3 x anti-CD20 (CD20 biAb) | NHL | T-cells | (IgG)2 | NCT00521261 |
| Anti-CD3 x anti-HER2 (HER-2Bi-armed ATCs; Transtarget Inc) |
Metastatic breast cancer | T-cells | (IgG)2 | NCT01022138 |
| Anti-CD3 x anti-HER2 (ertumaxomab; Fresenius Biotech GmbH) |
Metastatic breast cancer | T-cells | IgG | NCT00452140 |
| Anti-CD28 x MAPG (rM28) | Metastatic melanoma | T-cells | Tandem scFv | NCT00204594 |
| Anti-EpCAM x anti-CD3 (MT-110; Micromet Inc) |
Adenocarcinoma of the lung, small cell lung cancer, gastric and colorectal cancer |
T-cells | BiTE | NCT00635596 |
| Anti-CD16 x anti-CD30 (HRS-3/A9) | Hodgkin’s disease | NK cells | IgG | [101] |
| Anti-CD16 x anti-HER2 (2B1) | HER2-positive tumors | NK cells | IgG | [57,102] |
| Anti-CD3 x anti-glioma | Human glioma | LAK cells | F(ab’)2 | [53] |
| Anti-CD64 x anti-HER2 (MDX-210 and MDX-H210) |
Breast, ovarian and prostate cancer |
Monocytes/ macrophages |
F(ab’)2 | [59,60] |
| Anti-CD64 x anti-EGFR (MDX-447) | Solid tumors | Monocytes/ macrophages |
F(ab’)2 | [103] |
ATCs Activated T-cells, biAb bispecifc antibody, BiTE bispecifc T-cell engager, CA19-9 cancer (gastrointestinal)-associated antigen CEA carcino-embryonic antigen, EpCAM epithelial cell adhesion molecule, F(ab’)2 two fragment antigen binding, (IgG)2 biAb generated by chemical heteroconjugation of two IgG molecules of different specifcities, LAK lymphokine-activated killer, NHL Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, MAPG melanoma-associated proteoglycan, OCAA ovarian cancer associated antigen, OC/TR chimeric biAb against human folate-binding protein overexpressed in ovarian carcinoma and T-cell receptors (CD3), scFv single-chain variable fragment