Table 2.

Parental Occupation and Smoking Habits in Control and Exposed Families^[Note]

	No. (%) of Fathers from			No. (%) of Mothers from
	Families with Children Conceived			Families with Children Conceived
Characteristic	BeforeChernobyl	AfterChernobyl	Before andAfter Chernobyl	BeforeChernobyl	AfterChernobyl	Before andAfter Chernobyl
Occupation (Codea):
Management (1)	0	1 (.6)	0	1 (1.8)	11 (6.4)	1 (3.7)
Education and health (2)	5 (9.3)	14 (8.2)	2 (7.4)	24 (44.4)	77 (45.0)	11 (40.7)
Literary, artistic, and sport (3)	0	1 (.6)	0	0	1 (.6)	0
Science, engineering, technology (4)	2 (3.7)	7 (4.1)	2 (7.4)	1 (1.8)	7 (4.1)	4 (14.8)
Managerial (5)	5 (9.3)	11 (6.4)	1 (3.7)	1 (1.8)	1 (.6)	0
Clerical and related (6)	0	2 (1.2)	1 (3.7)	6 (11.1)	11 (6.4)	1 (3.7)
Selling (7)	1 (1.8)	0	0	7 (13.0)	6 (3.5)	1 (3.7)
Security and protective service (8)	3 (5.6)	9 (5.3)	0	0	1 (.6)	1 (3.7)
Catering, cleaning, and hairdressing (9)	0	2 (1.2)	0	5 (9.3)	14 (8.2)	4 (14.8)
Farming (10)	3 (5.6)	13 (7.6)	0	0	7 (4.1)	0
Material processing (11,12)	12 (22.2)	34 (19.9)	6 (22.2)	5 (9.3)	11 (6.4)	1 (3.7)
Painting, assembling, and packaging (13)	1 (1.8)	0	1 (3.7)	1 (1.8)	2 (1.2)	0
Construction (14)	4 (7.4)	13 (7.6)	2 (7.4)	1 (1.8)	3 (1.8)	1 (3.7)
Transport (15)	12 (22.2)	52 (30.4)	12 (44.4)	0	3 (1.8)	0
Miscellaneous (16)	1 (1.8)	3 (1.8)	0	1 (1.8)	6 (3.5)	0
Inadequately described (17)	5 (9.3)	9 (5.3)	0	0	1 (.6)	0
Housewives	…	…	…	1 (1.8)	9 (5.3)	2 (7.4)
Smoking Status:
Non-smokers	24 (44.4)	53 (31.0)	7 (25.9)	53	166	27
Smokers	30 (55.6)	118 (69.0)	20 (74.1)	1	5	0

Note.— For data on fathers' occupations, χ²=6.78; 6 df; P=.3421; for data on mothers' occupations, χ²=5.52; 6 df; P=.4795; and for data on fathers' smoking status, χ²=5.52; 2 df; P=.1404.

^aOccupational codes are taken from Office of Population Censuses and Surveys (1980).