Table 2. Characteristics of the four land use types.

Land use type	Number of samples	Parent material	Vegetation	Management	Disturbance degree [15]
Park	87	Natural substrates, small building rubble	Unmanaged and managed trees, shrubs, herbaceous	Irrigation, no fertilizer	Little disturbance
Institution	131	Transferred natural mixed substrates, building rubble, bricks, cement	Managed trees, shrubs, herbaceous	Irrigation, no fertilization, human trampling	Moderate disturbance
Residential	98	Transferred natural mixed substrates, building rubble, bricks, cement, domestic garbage	Managed trees, shrubs, herbaceous	Irrigation, no fertilizer, human trampling, pet feces, sewage	Heavy disturbance
Roadside	95	Transferred natural mixed substrates, building rubble, bricks, cement, domestic waste, plastics pitch	Managed trees, shrubs, herbaceous	Irrigation, no fertilizer, human trampling, mechanical compression	Heaviest disturbance