Table 6. Mean surface soil properties (0–20 cm) for topography types (hill, n =126; mountain, n =120; plain, n =159).
| Soil properties | Physiographic |
ANOVA p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hill | Mountain | Plain | ||
| pH | 7.87±0.1ab | 7.95±0.01a | 7.72±0.01b | 0.001 |
| Organic matter, g kg-1 | 0.74±0.03a | 0.52±0.04c | 0.66±0.03b | 0.010 |
| N, mg kg-1 | 25.42±3.51b | 21.65±4.82b | 34.84±3.16a | 0.001 |
| P, mg kg-1 | 37.76±4.32 | 35.05±5.93 | 29.17±3.82 | NS a |
| K, mg kg-1 | 121.31±6.65a | 98.74±9.02b | 128.39±5.98a | 0.014 |
| Ca, mg kg-1 | 2327±78b | 2160±106b | 2839±69a | 0.011 |
| Mg, mg kg-1 | 218±14b | 178±19c | 295±12a | 0.005 |
| S, mg kg-1 | 25.06±2.53b | 26.93±3.49b | 35.44±2.25a | 0.027 |
| Fe, mg kg-1 | 28.46±2.11b | 31.45±2.92 b | 39.74±1.91a | 0.019 |
| Cu, mg kg-1 | 5.52±0.61a | 2.89±0.84b | 4.70±0.55a | <0.001 |
| Mn, mg kg-1 | 18.03±1.80b | 12.31±2.48c | 40.11±1.68a | 0.003 |
| Zn, mg kg-1 | 6.00±0.59 | 6.82±0.80 | 6.65±0.52 | NS |
| B, mg kg-1 | 0.95±0.08a | 0.69±0.08b | 0.48±0.05c | <0.001 |
The results are presented as mean ± SD. In a row, values with the same letters are not significantly different at 5% level based on Duncan’s multiple range tests. a NS, not significant at the α = 0.05 probability level.