Table 3. Negative Binomial Models Examining Predictors of Ongoing Distress (BSI-18) (N = 122).
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Effect Sizec (CI) | Effect Size (CI) | |
| Full Modela | Best Subsetb | |||
| Coef (SE), (CI) | Coef (SE), (CI) | 1 SD Shiftd | Min to Max Shifte | |
| Gender | −0.03 (0.18), (−0.38, 0.33) | |||
| Predictor variables | ||||
| Prior Bereavement | 0.12 (0.09), (−0.07, 0.30) | |||
| Prior Interpersonal Trauma | 0.21 (0.07)*, (0.06, 0.36) | 0.25 (0.07)**, (0.11, 0.4) | 2.31 (0.97, 3.74) | 31.9 (7.75, 75.64) |
| Prior Other Adversity | 0.05 (0.05), (−0.05, 0.15) | |||
| Prior Depression | 0.61 (0.29)*, (0.05, 1.18) | 0.62 (0.26)*, (0.1, 1.14) | — | 8.24 (0.94, 18.4) |
| Prior Anxiety | −0.18 (0.38), (−0.94, 0.57) | |||
| Severity of Acute Reaction | 0.15 (0.10), (−0.05, 0.36) | |||
| # of Social Supports | −0.05 (0.02)*, (−0.08, −0.01) | −0.05 (0.02)**, (−0.09, −0.02) | −2.31 (−3.88, −0.78) | −9.48 (−15.12, −3.59) |
| # Deceased Known Personally | 0.03 (0.11), (−0.20, 0.25) | |||
| Hours of Media Exposure | 0.07 (0.04), (−0.01, 0.14) | 0.09 (0.04)*, (0.02, 0.16) | 0.80 (0.14, 1.49) | 12.6 (1.64, 28.97) |
Notes.
p<.01,
p<.05.
Gender was coded 0 = male, 1 = female.
Full negative binomial model.
Best performing subset of all models.
Effect Size estimates are standard deviation shifts from the median, and minimum to max movements. These can be interpreted as standardized regression coefficients in the former case, and the maximal change in distress level attributable to the variable in the latter case.
1 SD Shift indicates the expected change in the distress score associated with a one standard deviation increase from the median of the independent variable.
Min to Max shows the expected increase in distress associated with a move from the minimum to the independent variable to the maximum. Depression is a binary variable so we only show its min to max value. Interpersonal trauma reports findings for a shift from 0 to 1 and 0 to 6, respectively. Number of social supports reports the shift from 5 to 10 supports and 0 to 25 supports, respectively. Media exposure reports the shift from 2 to 3 hours and 0 to 11 hours, respectively.
SE = Standard Error, CI = Confidence Interval, SD = Standard Deviation.