Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Obes. 2013 Jun 11;9(3):218–231. doi: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00164.x

Table 2.

Intervention effectsa on child BMI, waist circumference, total percent body fat, and parent BMI

Outcomeb Time Group Group*Time
Interaction
P-value		 Group Main
Effect
P-value
Intervention Control
N Mean SD N Mean SD
BMI MI 271 16.96 2.63 267 17.42 3.18
M2 239 17.69 3.10 249 18.20 3.62
M3 237 18.43 3.69 252 18.89 3.83
Mean d SE Mean d SE
18.3 .076 18.3 .074 .13 .88
N Mean SD N Mean SD
BMI %ile M1 271 64.99 26.76 267 70.66 23.90
M2 239 64.69 27.25 249 69.94 24.12
M3 237 63.97 28.43 252 69.86 24.97
Mean d SE Mean d SE
67.3 .86 67.5 .84 .81 .88
N Mean SD N Mean SD
BMI z-score M1 271 0.574 0.983 267 0.746 0.913
M2 239 0.552 0.979 249 0.717 0.899
M3 237 0.535 1.037 252 0.715 0.927
Mean d SE Mean d SE
.63 .026 .65 .025 .47 .72
N Mean SD N Mean SD
WC (cm) M1 271 56.78 6.13 269 57.97 6.96
M3 238 62.44 9.45 254 64.22 10.11
Mean d SE Mean d SE
63.4 .32 63.3 .34 ---c .83
Mean SD N Mean SD
% Body Fat M1 270 28.76 8.08 265 29.84 8.91
M3 237 29.93 10.15 252 31.23 9.83
Mean d SE Mean d SE
30.6 .34 30.6 .38 ---c .92
Mean SD N Mean SD
Parent BMI M1 270 27.53 6.29 266 28.67 6.62
M3 238 27.81 5.90 252 28.67 6.47
Mean d SE Mean d SE
27.9 .15 28.0 .17 ---c .83
a

Mixed effects models were used to adjust for the clustering effects of recreation centers for all outcomes and repeated measures over time for BMI, BMI percentile and BMI z-score. Terms in the model: baseline level for the outcome variable, time and condition main effects. For models with repeated measures, a condition by time interaction was also included. If the interaction term was not significant, the interaction was dropped from the model and a second model was fitted. The test for condition main effect is based on the second model.

b

With the exception of caregiver BMI, all models were adjusted for child age and gender, and parent’s ethnicity, educational status, and marital status. The caregiver BMI model is adjusted for parent’s age, gender, ethnicity, educational status, and marital status.

c

No interaction could be tested since only M3 measure was available.

d

Adjusted mean from mixed effects analysis.

BMI = body mass index, BMI%ile = BMI percentile, WC = waist circumference, % body fat = total percent body fat