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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Invest Dermatol. 2013 May 8;133(12):2678–2685. doi: 10.1038/jid.2013.223

Figure 3. IL-25 enhances viral replications, and acts synergistically with TH2 cytokines to enhance viral replication.

Figure 3

KCs were differentiated in the absence or presence of IL-25 (50 ng/mL), TH2 cytokines (50 ng/mL of IL-4 and 50 ng/mL of IL-13), a combination of IL-25 and TH2 cytokines or IFN-γ (20 ng/mL) for 5 days. Then, the cells were incubated with HSV-1 (MOI, 0.1) for an additional 24 hours. The gene expression of HSV-1 (a), LL-37 (c), and HBD-3 (d) was examined using real-time RT-PCR. (b) Organotypic skin sections were stained for vaccinia virus (red) and the cytoskeleton (green). Arrows point to vaccinia virus. Bar=50 μm. Data from 1 representative experiment of 3 independent experiments performed are shown. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.