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Relationship between lineage size and estimated mutation rate. Mutation rates were estimated from the combined African data by use of Ewens's distribution (Ewens 1972) for lineages that each contained at least five alleles and at least one instance of duplicate examples of the same allele. Lineages IIIA (∼150 repeats) and Y (∼450 repeats) were thus excluded. The positive correlation between estimated mutation rate and allele size is significant (r=0.77, P<.001).
