Table 1.
Description of Adult Study Cohort and Infection Rates by Patient Gender
| Women | Men | p * | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Study sample and infection outcomes | |||
| Total discharges | 53.1 (71,044) | 46.9 (62,712) | |
| Unique patients | 54.8 (45,035) | 45.2 (37,190) | |
| Community-associated BSI per 1,000 admissions (N) | 16.2 (1,148) | 21.3 (1,337) | <0.001 |
| Hospital-associated BSI per 1,000 admissions (N) | 9.9 (702) | 15.7 (969) | <0.001 |
| SSI per 1,000 admissions (N) | 4.4 (315) | 7.4 (464) | <0.001 |
| Patient characteristics upon admission | |||
| Age in years | 57.5 (20.9) | 58.6 (17.1) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index | 27.5 (9.0) | 26.7 (7.6) | <0.001 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1.4 (2.0) | 1.7 (2.2) | <0.001 |
| Prior SNF stay | 3.9 (2,769) | 3.2 (2,032) | <0.001 |
| Prior in-network hospitalization | 37.2 (26,455) | 40.8 (25,594) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 22.6 (16,049) | 26.1 (16,363) | <0.001 |
| Malignancies | 9.9 (7,061) | 13.9 (8,733) | <0.001 |
| Chronic dermatitis | 4.7 (3,305) | 6.2 (3,907) | <0.001 |
| Renal failure | 14.4 (10,211) | 21.4 (13,413) | <0.001 |
| History of solid organ transplant | 1.6 (1,139) | 2.7 (1,673) | <0.001 |
| Wounds | 0.4 (290) | 0.7 (458) | <0.001 |
| Trauma | 0.08 (56) | 0.2 (139) | <0.001 |
| Burns | 0.03 (23) | 0.06 (35) | 0.039 |
| Characteristics of hospitalization | |||
| Length of stay in days | 5.9 (9.1) | 6.7 (10.8) | <0.001 |
| Admitted to community hospital | 30.3 (21,494) | 18.5 (11,598) | <0.001 |
| Admitted to ICU | 8.7 (6,205) | 11.8 (7,406) | <0.001 |
| Intubation/mechanical ventilation | 2.7 (1,928) | 3.4 (2,149) | <0.001 |
| Feeding tube | 0.9 (645) | 1.3 (797) | <0.001 |
| Dialysis | 2.6 (1,864) | 3.7 (2,289) | <0.001 |
| Biopsy | 1.6 (1,120) | 2.4 (1,523) | <0.001 |
| Operating room procedure | 23.8 (16,886) | 25.7 (16,105) | <0.001 |
| Urinary catheter | 38.4 (27,258) | 36.5 (22,867) | <0.001 |
| Central venous catheter | 6.1 (4,362) | 8.9 (5,594) | <0.001 |
| High-risk medication† | 18.1 (12,890) | 18.4 (11,525) | 0.266 |
| Solid organ transplant | 0.7 (525) | 1.4 (905) | <0.001 |
Data are %(N) for categorical variables and mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables unless otherwise indicated
BSI bloodstream infections, SSI surgical site infections, SNF skilled nursing facility, ICU intensive care unit
*Results of chi-square test for independence for categorical variables and two-sample t-test for independent samples
†Chemotherapeutic, immunosuppressive, or antiinflammatory medications