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. 2013 Nov 5;368(1629):20130013. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0013

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© 2013 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

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Figure 1. — Leucocyte polarity and Rho GTPases. Rac1 activates the WAVE complex, leading to Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization at the leading edge to form a lamellipodium. Cdc42 can also contribute to membrane extension via WASP which activates the Arp2/3 complex. RhoA is active at the front of the cell and is proposed to induce actin polymerization and membrane protrusion via the formin mDia and membrane retraction via ROCK. Cdc42 induces filopodia via mDia. RhoA activation at the rear of the cell controls uropod contractility through ROCK inhibtion of MLC phosphatase and subsequent MLC phosphorylation. In polarized leucocytes, the microtubule organizing centre (MTOC) normally localizes behind the nucleus in the uropod region. (Online version in colour.)