Table 2.
Crude associations between sociodemographic profiles and recruitment source using television as reference (n=72,264).
| Sociodemographic characteristic | Recruitment source, OR (95% CI)a,b | ||||
|
|
Advice from a friend/family member/health care provider (n=10,172) | Internet websites and networks n=(16,807) | Newspaper articles (n=9613) | Radio newscast (n=14,309) | |
| Sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Men | 1.31 (1.24-1.39) | 1.19 (1.13-1.24) | 1.26 (1.19-1.34) | 1.46 (1.39-1.53) |
|
|
Women | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Age categories (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<30 | 1.44 (1.35-1.53) | 0.93 (0.88-0.98) | 0.85 (0.79-0.91) | 0.54 (0.51-0.58) |
|
|
30-44 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
|
|
45-59 | 1.19 (1.11-1.27) | 1.19 (1.13-1.25) | 1.27 (1.20-1.35) | 1.13 (1.07-1.19) |
|
|
≥60 | 1.86 (1.73-2.00) | 1.18 (1.11-1.25) | 1.55 (1.44-1.66) | 0.90 (0.84-0.96) |
| Education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Primary/secondary | 0.71 (0.67-0.76) | 0.69 (0.65-0.72) | 0.67 (0.64-0.72) | 0.54 (0.52-0.57) |
|
|
Some college, associate degree | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
|
|
≥Bachelor’s degree | 1.88 (1.76-2.00) | 1.72 (1.63-1.81) | 1.69 (1.59-1.80) | 1.81 (1.72-1.91) |
| Occupational category c |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Never employed | 2.24 (2.00-2.50) | 1.30 (1.17-1.45) | 1.09 (0.95-1.26) | 0.99 (0.87-1.13) |
|
|
Farmers | 1.27 (0.85-1.89) | 0.69 (0.47-1.03) | 1.00 (0.65-1.55) | 2.12 (1.57-2.86) |
|
|
Manual workers | 0.70 (0.59-0.83) | 0.77 (0.68-0.87) | 0.69 (0.58-0.82) | 0.87 (0.75-1.00) |
|
|
Employees/medium-skilled labor | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
|
|
Intermediate professions/skilled office work | 1.79 (1.68-1.91) | 1.65 (1.56-1.74) | 1.75 (1.64-1.87) | 2.11 (1.99-2.24) |
|
|
Self-employed | 1.11 (0.95-1.30) | 0.96 (0.85-1.10) | 0.98 (0.83-1.15) | 1.67 (1.48-1.89) |
|
|
Managerial/professional positions | 2.78 (2.61-2.96) | 2.49 (2.36-2.62) | 2.65 (2.49-2.82) | 3.43 (3.25-3.63) |
| Current employment status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employed | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
|
|
Homemakers | 0.47 (0.41-0.54) | 0.43 (0.38-0.48) | 0.54 (0.47-0.61) | 0.63 (0.57-0.70) |
|
|
Unemployed | 0.58 (0.53-0.64) | 0.60 (0.56-0.65) | 0.46 (0.41-0.51) | 0.46 (0.42-0.50) |
|
|
Retired | 1.30 (1.22-1.38) | 0.86 (0.81-0.91) | 1.23 (1.16-1.31) | 0.78 (0.73-0.82) |
|
|
Students | 1.46 (1.34-1.60) | 0.78 (0.72-0.85) | 0.65 (0.58-0.73) | 0.46 (0.41-0.51) |
| Income (€ /month per household unit) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<1200 | 0.80 (0.75-0.86) | 0.79 (0.75-0.83) | 0.67 (0.63-0.72) | 0.62 (0.58-0.65) |
|
|
1200-2,299 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
|
|
2300-3699 | 1.55 (1.46-1.65) | 1.37 (1.30-1.44) | 1.58 (1.49-1.68) | 1.60 (1.52-1.69) |
|
|
>3700 | 2.05 (1.89-2.22) | 1.68 (1.56-1.80) | 1.85 (1.70-2.01) | 2.03 (1.89-2.18) |
| Area of residence |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rural | 0.94 (0.88-1.01) | 1.00 (0.94-1.06) | 0.90 (0.84-0.96) | 1.11 (1.05-1.18) |
|
|
Urban (population <200,000) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
|
|
Urban (population >200,000) | 1.53 (1.45-1.62) | 1.43 (1.37-1.50) | 1.27 (1.20-1.34) | 1.22 (1.16-1.28) |
aReference=television; for example, compared to participants aged 30-45 years, participants <30 years were less often informed about the study through the radio than through television (OR 0.54).
bAll P values for the association between each sociodemographic variable and recruitment source (P<.001).
cOccupational category for retired and unemployed people defined as the most recent type of job held.