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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Jun 14;133(1):134–145. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.020

Figure 2. The Decision-Making Phase.

Figure 2

2A) The whole-brain voxelwise analyses contrasting the activation between risky decisions involving uncertainty (the behavioral risk versus the reward risk and no risk condition) revealed greater activations in the cluster involving regions of the left superior parietal lobule, left lateral occipital cortex, and left and right precuneus in the CUD group compared with the controls with psychopathology. Figure-2B. Superior parietal lobule (SPL) mean percent BOLD signal change (and standard error bars) to behavioral risk > baseline (i.e., the jittered fixation between trials) in the three groups. Region of interest analyses demonstrated that the CUD group significantly differed from controls with psychopathology and healthy controls (F1,56=8.70, p=.0005); post-hoc analyses showed CUD behavioral risk activation (purple column) was higher compared to controls with psychopathology (light blue column) and healthy controls (green column). Post-hoc pairwise comparisons were made with LS Means Differences Tukey’s HSD, *p<.05.