Table 2.
Comparison of the food consumption frequency in two population-based samples of the Seychelles population aged 25–45 years, conducted in 2004 (n = 599) and 2011 (n = 453)
| Food item | Frequency of consumption | Test value and significance |
Weekly consumption |
Test value and significance |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1/week | 1–2/week | 3–4/week | 4–5/week | 1/day | 2/day | ||||
| Fisha | |||||||||
| 2004 | 1.2 | 2.7 | 8.8 | 19.5 | 25.0 | 42.7 | 155.7*** | 9.2 ± 4.4 | 138.6*** |
| 2011 | 0.2 | 7.1 | 19.0 | 38.2 | 24.5 | 11.0 | 6.1 ± 3.1 | ||
| Meat | |||||||||
| 2004 | 22.9 | 65.6 | 10.2 | 1.0 | 0.3 | — | 81.4*** | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 74.0*** |
| 2011 | 7.7 | 65.6 | 17.2 | 6.2 | 3.3 | — | 2.1 ± 1.5 | ||
| Poultry | |||||||||
| 2004 | 14.2 | 64.1 | 19.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | — | 50.5*** | 1.8 ± 1.3 | 32.5*** |
| 2011 | 3.5 | 65.1 | 23.0 | 4.9 | 3.5 | — | 2.3 ± 1.5 | ||
| Processed meat | |||||||||
| 2004 | 40.7 | 40.4 | 10.0 | 3.7 | 5.2 | — | 61.2*** | 1.5 ± 1.9 | 22.1*** |
| 2011 | 20.3 | 62.3 | 10.8 | 2.0 | 4.6 | — | 1.7 ± 1.6 | ||
| Sweet snacks | |||||||||
| 2004 | 57.4 | 19.0 | 9.2 | 4.7 | 9.7 | — | 74.9*** | 1.5 ± 2.3 | 43.7*** |
| 2011 | 32.5 | 36.2 | 14.3 | 3.1 | 13.9 | — | 2.2 ± 2.3 | ||
| Salty snacks | |||||||||
| 2004 | 53.6 | 17.9 | 10.0 | 8.7 | 9.8 | — | 39.2*** | 1.8 ± 2.4 | 17.1*** |
| 2011 | 35.8 | 29.6 | 15.2 | 8.8 | 10.6 | — | 2.2 ± 2.3 | ||
| Ricea | |||||||||
| 2004 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 28.9 | 61.9 | 12.4* | 11.0 ± 4.0 | 6.62** |
| 2011 | 0.7 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 27.8 | 57.0 | 10.4 ± 4.3 | ||
| Cereal | |||||||||
| 2004 | 51.8 | 22.4 | 12.2 | 3.5 | 10.2 | — | 7.77NS | 1.7 ± 2.3 | 4.24* |
| 2011 | 44.7 | 28.5 | 12.2 | 4.9 | 9.7 | — | 1.8 ± 2.3 | ||
| Tubers | |||||||||
| 2004 | 67.1 | 26.9 | 4.7 | 0.3 | 1.0 | — | 15.2** | 0.7 ± 1.2 | 10.0** |
| 2011 | 57.3 | 36.3 | 3.5 | 0.9 | 2.0 | — | 0.8 ± 1.3 | ||
| Vegetables | |||||||||
| 2004 | 1.5 | 6.2 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 70.3 | — | 2.49NS | 6.0 ± 1.8 | 0.08NS |
| 2011 | 2.6 | 7.1 | 11.0 | 9.5 | 69.8 | — | 5.9 ± 1.9 | ||
| Salad | |||||||||
| 2004 | 3.5 | 13.7 | 21.2 | 11.5 | 50.1 | — | 45.5*** | 5.1 ± 2.2 | 47.4*** |
| 2011 | 2.0 | 7.3 | 13.5 | 6.6 | 70.6 | — | 5.9 ± 1.9 | ||
| Fruit | |||||||||
| 2004 | 8.8 | 17.4 | 20.0 | 8.3 | 45.4 | — | 7.11NS | 4.6 ± 2.5 | 7.42** |
| 2011 | 6.0 | 16.6 | 17.2 | 7.5 | 52.8 | — | 5.0 ± 2.4 | ||
| Cheese | |||||||||
| 2004 | 42.7 | 23.5 | 18.2 | 6.5 | 9.0 | — | 21.6*** | 2.0 ± 2.3 | 0.71NS |
| 2011 | 34.7 | 35.1 | 19.2 | 3.5 | 7.5 | — | 1.9 ± 2.0 | ||
| Home made juice | |||||||||
| 2004 | 74.1 | 12.9 | 7.8 | 2.0 | 3.2 | — | 38.7*** | 0.8 ± 1.7 | 15.6*** |
| 2011 | 62.6 | 22.8 | 5.1 | 0.9 | 8.6 | — | 1.2 ± 2.1 | ||
| Commercial juice | |||||||||
| 2004 | 37.7 | 20.1 | 19.1 | 3.4 | 19.8 | — | 4.56NS | 3.7 ± 5.4 | 0.88NS |
| 2011 | 36.3 | 19.9 | 16.4 | 2.7 | 24.8 | — | 4.0 ± 5.9 | ||
| Soft drinks | |||||||||
| 2004 | 42.7 | 19.2 | 10.0 | 3.5 | 24.5 | — | 30.2*** | 4.6 ± 8.2 | 4.51* |
| 2011 | 40.2 | 32.0 | 9.9 | 3.3 | 14.6 | — | 2.9 ± 5.8 | ||
| Coffee | |||||||||
| 2004 | 71.4 | 11.1 | 5.0 | 1.2 | 11.4 | — | 1.35NS | 2.1 ± 6.0 | 0.86NS |
| 2011 | 68.7 | 11.0 | 5.7 | 1.5 | 13.0 | — | 1.9 ± 4.4 | ||
| Tea | |||||||||
| 2004 | 16.6 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 2.0 | 71.9 | — | 20.8*** | 12.0 ± 10.4 | 22.1*** |
| 2011 | 26.3 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 67.5 | — | 8.9 ± 7.6 | ||
Abbreviation: NS, not significant.
Results are expressed as percentage (for frequency of consumption) and as average ± s.d. (for weekly consumption). For beverages, the results are expressed in number of beverage units/week. Between year comparison of the distributions of consumption frequency by χ2 test (for frequency of consumption) or by Kruskall–Wallis test (for weekly consumption).
*
P < 0.05;
**
P < 0.01;
***
P < 0.001.
a
Food items for which were presented 6 categories of food consumption.