. 2013 Sep 11;2013:853976. doi: 10.1155/2013/853976

Table 1.

The characteristics of stools from rats that received rectal TNBS (to induce colitis) or saline solution (S) after 5 or 12 days of treatment with propolis hydroalcoholic solution (TNBS-P and SP) or mesalazine solution (TNBS-M). The animals were euthanized 7 or 14 days after the colitis was induced. The results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 5).

Group/time (days)	Characteristics of stools (0–2) (0) Well-formed pellets (1) Liquid stools stuck to the anus, no bleeding (2) Liquid stools and blood stuck to the anus
	Day 7	Day 14

S	0^a	0^a
TNBS	2.0 ± 0^b	1.6 ± 0.55^b
SP	0^a	0^a
TNBS-P	1.6 ± 0.55^b	1.0 ± 0^ab
TNBS-M	1.0 ± 0^ab	1.0 ± 0^ab

^a,bMeans followed by different letters in the same column are significantly different according to the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post-test (P < 0.05).