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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nurs Outlook. 2013 Jun 10;61(4):225–234.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2013.04.009

Table 1.

Demographic Factors of Grandmothers by Caregiving Group N=240

Primary Multi-generational Non-caregiver Test Statistics p-value
n = 107 n =24 n = 109
Age wave 1
Mean (SD) 55.3 (7.9) 58.9 (10.7) 59.3 (8.8) F = 6.3 p <.01
Race
White 66 (61.7%) 18 (75%) 85 (78%) χ2 = 7.15 p= .03
Non-White 41 (38.3%) 6 (25%) 24 (22%)
 AA 34 6 22
 AI/AN 1
 Multiple 5 2
 Not listed 1
Marital Status
Married 60 (56.1%) 10 (41.7%) 71 (65%) χ2 = 5.04 p= .08
Not Married 47 (43.9%) 14 (58.3%) 38 (35%)
Education
< HS 17 (15.9%) 2 (8.3%) 11(10%) χ2 = 2.03 p= .36
≥HS missing 90 (84.1%) 22 (91.7%) 97(89%)
1(1%)
Employment
Employed 46 (21.9%) 8 (33.3%) 57 (52.3%) χ2 = 3.7 p= .16
Not Employed 61 (57%) 16 (66.7%) 52 (47.7%)