Table 3. Risk of gastric cardia cancer associated with serum ghrelin presented as either quintiles or continuous variable before and after adjustment for serum PG I/II ratio, H.pylori status and smoking.
| Non-adjusted | Adjusted | |||||||
| Cases | Controls | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
| n (%) | n (%) | |||||||
| Ghrelin Quintiles (pg/ml) | ||||||||
| 5th: 984–1158 | 4 (7.5%) | 10 (18.9%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 4th: 869–976 | 4 (7.5%) | 11 (20.8%) | 0.91 | 0.18–4.64 | 0.909 | 0.99 | 0.18–5.47 | 0.990 |
| 3rd: 778–864 | 7 (13.2%) | 11 (20.8%) | 1.59 | 0.36–7.11 | 0.543 | 2.20 | 0.45–10.87 | 0.334 |
| 2nd: 648–776 | 14 (26.4%) | 11 (20.8%) | 3.18 | 0.78–12.94 | 0.106 | 5.91 | 1.19–29.28 | 0.030 |
| 1st: 249–647 | 24 (45.3%) | 10 (18.9%) | 6.00 | 1.52–23.71 | 0.011 | 8.71 | 1.70–44.59 | 0.009 |
| Decreasing ghrelin as continuous variable (scaled to 122 pg/ml) | 1.64 | 1.25–2.15 | 0.001 | 1.75 | 1.24–2.47 | 0.002 | ||