Table 5. Risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated with serum ghrelin presented as either quintiles or continuous variable before and after adjustment for serum PG I/II ratio, H.pylori status and smoking.
| Non-adjusted | Adjusted | |||||||
| Cases | Controls | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
| n (%) | n (%) | |||||||
| Ghrelin Quintiles (pg/ml) | ||||||||
| 5th: 966–1098 | 4 (6.8%) | 12 (20.3%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 4th: 847–963 | 5 (8.5%) | 12 (20.3%) | 1.15 | 0.24–5.39 | 0.863 | 1.52 | 0.28–8.18 | 0.629 |
| 3rd: 770–846 | 7 (11.9%) | 12 (20.3%) | 1.60 | 0.37–7.02 | 0.530 | 1.71 | 0.35–8.34 | 0.510 |
| 2nd: 644–769 | 17 (28.8%) | 12 (20.3%) | 3.90 | 1.00–15.21 | 0.050 | 4.69 | 1.03–21.46 | 0.046 |
| 1st: 246–638 | 26 (44.1%) | 11 (18.6%) | 5.96 | 1.57–22.60 | 0.009 | 5.69 | 1.36–23.78 | 0.017 |
| Decreasing ghrelin as continuous variable (scaled to 141 pg/ml) | 1.80 | 1.32–2.46 | <0.001 | 1.78 | 1.275–2.48 | 0.001 | ||