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. 2013 Jul 14;4(8):1212–1229. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.1130

Figure 6. Effect of antioxidants on SMIP004-mediated cellular responses.

Figure 6

(A) LNCaP-S14 cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO) or SMIP004 (40 μM) for 24 h in the presence or absence of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA, 100 μM). Cells were examined by phase contrast microscopy prior to cell lysate preparation for analysis of PARP cleavage. (B) Cell growth was analyzed by MTT assay in LNCaP-S14 cells treated with SMIP004 (40 μM) for 24 h in the presence or absence of BHA (100 μM) and trolox (2 mM). The graph represents the means ± standard deviations of at least two independent experiments, each performed in triplicates. (C) Total lysate from cells treated with SMIP004 for 24 h in the presence or absence of BHA or trolox was analyzed for UPR markers. (D) Effect of antioxidants on cell cycle regulators. (E) Effect of antioxidants on AR levels. (F) Diagram summarizing SMIP004 actions. Stippled lines indicate putative effects that were not experimentally addressed in the present study. BHA, butylated hydroxyanisole (antioxidant); trolox, antioxidant; MG132, proteasome inhibitor; MLN4924, Nedd8 activating enzyme inhibitor; PBA, 4-phenylbutyric acid (chemical chaperone); SP600125, JNK Inhibitor II; SB203580, p38 inhibitor.